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Body mass index and risk of dementia: Analysis of individual-level data from 1.3 million individuals

Kivimäki, M; Luukkonen, R; Batty, GD; Ferrie, JE; Pentti, J; Nyberg, ST; Shipley, MJ; ... Jokela, M; + view all (2018) Body mass index and risk of dementia: Analysis of individual-level data from 1.3 million individuals. Alzheimer's & Dementia , 14 (5) pp. 601-609. 10.1016/j.jalz.2017.09.016. Green open access

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Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Higher midlife body mass index (BMI) is suggested to increase the risk of dementia, but weight loss during the preclinical dementia phase may mask such effects. METHODS: We examined this hypothesis in 1,349,857 dementia-free participants from 39 cohort studies. BMI was assessed at baseline. Dementia was ascertained at follow-up using linkage to electronic health records (N = 6894). We assumed BMI is little affected by preclinical dementia when assessed decades before dementia onset and much affected when assessed nearer diagnosis. RESULTS: Hazard ratios per 5-kg/m(2) increase in BMI for dementia were 0.71 (95% confidence interval = 0.66-0.77), 0.94 (0.89-0.99), and 1.16 (1.05-1.27) when BMI was assessed 10 years, 10-20 years, and >20 years before dementia diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: The association between BMI and dementia is likely to be attributable to two different processes: a harmful effect of higher BMI, which is observable in long follow-up, and a reverse-causation effect that makes a higher BMI to appear protective when the follow-up is short.

Type: Article
Title: Body mass index and risk of dementia: Analysis of individual-level data from 1.3 million individuals
Location: United States
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2017.09.016
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2017.09.016
Language: English
Additional information: ©2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the Alzheimer’s Association. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Keywords: Bias, Body mass index, Cohort study, Dementia
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Epidemiology and Health
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Epidemiology and Health > Epidemiology and Public Health
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10038889
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